Globalization Research Paper - 2200 Words

Globalization (Research Paper Sample) Content: GlobalizationBy (Name)CourseInstructorInstitutionCity, StateDateGlobalization ReviewIntroductionThe manner in which the globe operates is completely altered by the globalization process. As a result of globalization, the limitations that once hampered individualà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s ability to interact and communicate with people around the globe have diminished. As such, globalization is evident in distinct fields including social, economic, government, and businesses (Lawlor 2007, p.1). Besides, information technology advancements in the previous decade have significantly influenced the globalization process. For instance, the development of personal computers permitted people to create and share their digital content with people around the globe. As such, the paper will content that advancements in technology have played an influential role in accelerating the globalization process as well as analyze globalization as a process.Meaning of GlobalizationGlobalization signifies an internationalization and liberalization process, which has made the world become a trivial village (Jones 2006, p. 15). Equally, globalization refers to the worldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s integration process into a single huge market that offers several things to various individuals with the removal of every trade barrier among nations. Additionally, globalization allows knowledge transmission at a much higher rate than in the previous years. Nonetheless, it does not mean that developing nations always benefit from advances in technology, but it depends on the type of technology and the nature of implemented policies in both developing and advanced countries. Hence, globalization involves policies transfer across borders, economic integration, cultural stability, the relations, production and power discourses (Jones 2006, p. 26). As such, globalization is a revolution, a concept as well as a global market establishment that is unrestricted by a sociopolitical control. Moreover, globalization is a concept used to define the process of transforming the world into a lone arena. As such, globalization is not simply an economic occurrence; rather it encompasses every aspect of modern life: the ecological, the social, the humanitarian, the political, the cultural, and the economic.According to (Reich 1998, p. 10), globalization is the intensification and acceleration of integration and interaction among the governments, companies, and people of various nations. Globalization is a set of processes or a multidimensional and multi-casual process that causes compression of space horizons and time, where every boundary becomes permeable. Similarly, it creates a world of interconnectedness, instantaneity, interchange and interdependence ability (Gunter Hoeven 2004, p. 33). Likewise, globalization structures peopleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s consciousness to believe that the globe is becoming a worldwide arena or a single space on which all individuals are playing. Consequently, globalization is an international integration process because of the escalating interchange of world ideas, products, views and various aspects of culture (Reich 1998, p. 6). Developments in telecommunications and transportation infrastructure, as well as the augmentation of the telegraph and the Internet, are the primary factors in globalization, causing further interdependence of cultural and economic activities.Characteristics of GlobalizationGlobalization has got four primary components that include equipment, rules, markets, and participants.EquipmentNew equipment characterizes globalization because it has assisted globalization to become a major force in the current society. The internet, facsimile machines, and mobile phones are examples of various technologies that have assisted corporations to expand as well as connect with others across the world (Bardhan 2013, p. 403).RulesNew laws, as well as rules, have currently been enacted to accommodate a more integrated world. Currently, the count less agreements made by numerous countries are commonly referred to as multilateral agreements. As a result, national governments are obligated to not only adhere to their national policies but also uphold multilateral agreement policies. Furthermore, there has been an upsurge in the figure of standards, for example, the universal copyright laws (Garai 2015, p. 5). Similarly, the creation of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) and International Criminal Court (ICC) reflect the changing requirements of an extra global society.MarketsGlobalization has transformed the current market through providing extra freedom to commerce between nations (O'Neill 2013, p. 249). Equally, it has caused market expansion where nations can trade with each other at any moment. Furthermore, international markets are replacing national markets at a high rate as corporations continue to grow on a global scale.ParticipantsTrade talks were initially made exclusively between countries or colonies. Current ly, the World Trade Organization (WTO) has settled disputes and enforced trade rules over the international trading system. Hence, WTO oversees treaties that contain worldwide legal status making it have an amount of power over state governments. Additionally, large transnational corporations have a growing amount of influence because their financial aptitude exceeds that of several countries (Lobiondo Rodriguez 2012, p. 212).Information Technology involvement in the Globalization processInformation technology is the main contributing factor towards the globalization process. Telecommunications, computer software and hardware in 1990à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s triggered the widespread improvements in economic potential and information access (Smith McKeen 2011, p.245). Besides, technology advancements have resulted in numerous benefits across various sectors of the economy because it provides individuals and businesses across the world with a digital platform where they can sell their products, share ideas, and outsource services across the international borders. Additionally, the emergence of technology has resulted in the establishment of effective and efficient communication channels that promotes global integration. For instance, the world has in the recent past been flooded with cell phones, mobile PDAà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s, personal laptops, and digital cameras that have accelerated the globalization process (Stephens 1999, p.66). With the increased popularity of these technological devices, companies and individuals are collaborating and communicating with one another more often compared to the past.Equally, technologies including instant messaging permits individuals to instantaneously exchange information as well as be situated everywhere on the globe as long as they can access messaging service and internet connection. Such improvements in technologies make it easier for companies to communicate with their employees and clients who work in various regions in the world an d provide them with latest updates regarding the company operations (Castels 1999, p.4). Another form of technological application that is accelerating the globalization process is the Voice-Over-Internet Protocol (VoIp). Through this technology, individuals can make phone calls via the internet. Likewise, organization staffs can open up their Skype while on a business trip as long as they can access the internet and communicate with the client or company. The major advantage of Voice-Over-Internet Protocol is its cost effectiveness. Compared to phone calls, VoIP calls are free whether making international or local calls (Malhotra 2009, p.72). Besides, recent developments in individualsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ ability to process information and communicate, a process known as " IT revolutionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ , is reshaping the social and economic lives of various countries across the globe. For example, products enhanced or based on information technology are utilized by the modern industrial so cieties in distinct aspects of their lives. The widespread of information technology including its applications has transformed the manner in which individuals conduct their business activities.Various Technology Developments that have accelerated the Globalization ProcessGlobalization process became noticeable with technological advances in the 1900à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s. The telephone and telegraph permitted individuals to communicate beyond borders within seconds rather than months or weeks. Airplane invention made it easier to travel around the world whereas communication devices including the radio permitted individuals to get updated on the events happening in the world (Kamwendo 2008, p.273). The 1900à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s advancements in technology formed the main stepping stone to realizing the current globalization state. However, during this era, there was no collective global integration because numerous global processes at this time were one-dimensional. Globalization process became eviden t in the late 20th century as a result of technology advancements. Through technology advancement, global markets emerged. Some of the advances in technology that have contributed to the globalization process are as detailed below.The emergence of Personal ComputersThe resurfacing of Windows-based personal computers removed another significant barrier that limited globalization, to be precise the amount of data that a person could distribute, modify, author, and obtain. The development of personal computers permitted people to create and share their digital content with people around the globe. The invention of personal computers was immediately followed by the development of dial-up modem that allowed users to send E-mails via service providers. The existence of the dial-up modem, fax, and personal computers were crucial advances in technology, because in combination, they generated a new land...